Key Takeaways:

• Chinese herbal medicine views asthma as patterns of imbalance rather than one single disease.
• Classic formulas like Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang, Ding Chuan Tang, and Bu Fei Tang are widely used for asthma relief.
• Individual herbs such as apricot kernel, astragalus, ginseng, and fritillaria support lung health and immunity.
• Herbal medicine also helps with related conditions including COPD, allergies, and seasonal respiratory infections.
• Safe use requires professional guidance and can be combined with therapies like cupping, moxibustion, and Tuina.

Understanding Asthma and Respiratory Disorders

What happens in asthma

Asthma is a condition where the airways become inflamed and narrowed. Muscles tighten around the bronchial tubes and extra mucus is produced, making it difficult to breathe. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, a tight chest, wheezing, and a persistent cough. Triggers range from allergens and environmental irritants to exercise, cold air, and emotional stress.

Who Is Most at Risk for Asthma

Asthma can appear at any stage of life. It often begins in childhood, but many adults also live with persistent symptoms or develop the condition later on. Both genetic and environmental factors play a role in who is most affected. Family history of allergies, frequent respiratory infections, and exposure to irritants like smoke or pollution all increase the likelihood of developing asthma. Occupational hazards, such as dust or chemical fumes, can also trigger cases in adults.

Groups at higher risk include:

• Children with smaller, more sensitive airways that react strongly to allergens or infections
• People with a family history of asthma, allergies, or eczema who inherit a higher susceptibility
• Adults exposed to irritants at work such as smoke, dust, or chemical fumes
• Individuals living in high-pollution areas where air quality consistently strains the lungs
• Those with frequent respiratory infections in childhood which may leave lasting airway sensitivity

Why complementary care matters

Modern medicine provides inhalers, steroids, and advanced biologics that save lives. However, some patients experience side effects or find their symptoms are not completely controlled. Others want to address the deeper causes of imbalance that may contribute to frequent attacks. For these reasons, many turn to complementary therapies such as Chinese herbal medicine to fill the gaps in care and to support a healthier respiratory system overall.

The Traditional Chinese Medicine View of the Lungs

Lung Qi in theory

In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the lungs are responsible for governing Qi, or vital energy, throughout the body. They are considered delicate because they are directly exposed to the external environment through breathing. Strong Lung Qi means clear breathing, good immunity, and vitality. Weak Lung Qi often results in fatigue, frequent colds, and breathing difficulties.

Common patterns in asthma

TCM does not treat asthma as a single disease but rather as patterns of imbalance. The most common include phlegm heat obstructing the lungs, wind cold invading the lungs, and a deficiency of Lung and Kidney Qi. Each pattern has its own symptoms and requires different herbs or formulas.

Principles of treatment

Treatment is designed to restore harmony. This may involve clearing heat and phlegm, strengthening Qi, calming wheezing, and supporting both lung and kidney systems.

Chinese Herbal Formulas for Asthma

Classical formulas

Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang is traditionally used for asthma with heat and wheezing, combining ephedra, apricot kernel, gypsum, and licorice.

Ding Chuan Tang targets phlegm heat that blocks the lungs, making it suitable for cough with thick yellow mucus and shortness of breath.

Bu Fei Tang is prescribed for chronic asthma linked to weak Lung Qi, helping to strengthen breathing over time.

Modern standardized formulas

In recent years, modern formulas have been created and tested. Anti asthma herbal medicine intervention (ASHMI) has been studied in both China and the United States. Suhuang Zhike Capsule is a hospital prescribed formula in China, and Xiao Chuan Ning has been evaluated in proof of concept clinical trials.

Clinical research

Studies suggest that herbal formulas may reduce airway inflammation, improve lung function, and enhance quality of life. Some trials even show that combining certain formulas with corticosteroids allows for lower drug doses while maintaining effectiveness.

Individual Chinese Herbs for Respiratory Health

Herbs that open airways and ease wheezing

• Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica) has strong bronchodilating properties though it is now restricted in many countries.
• Xing Ren (Apricot Kernel) moistens the lungs and calms coughing.
• Zi Su Zi (Perilla Seed) relieves cough and phlegm while making breathing smoother.
• Bai Guo (Ginkgo Nut) supports circulation in the lungs and reduces wheezing.

Herbs that clear heat and calm inflammation

• Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) cools the lungs and reduces fever.
• Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) is a powerful anti inflammatory herb.
• Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark) helps clear lung heat and calm wheezing.
• Ting Li Zi (Lepidium Seed) breaks down phlegm and relieves chest tightness.

Herbs that strengthen Lung Qi and immunity

• Huang Qi (Astragalus Root) is famous for boosting immunity and preventing respiratory infections.
• Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) restores energy and supports overall vitality.
• Dang Shen (Codonopsis Root) offers a gentler alternative to ginseng.
• Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) stabilizes Lung Qi and helps prevent chronic coughing.

Herbs that dissolve phlegm and dampness

• Ban Xia (Pinellia Rhizome) dries dampness and clears stubborn phlegm.
• Chen Pi (Aged Tangerine Peel) improves digestion and reduces phlegm production.
• Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb) soothes dry coughs and clears mucus.
• Bai Jie Zi (White Mustard Seed) warms the lungs and loosens chest congestion.

Herbs for chronic asthma and lung weakness

• Dong Chong Xia Cao (Cordyceps) strengthens both lung capacity and immune response.
• Ge Jie (Gecko) is traditionally used to tonify lung and kidney function.
• Zi Wan (Aster Root) moistens the lungs and reduces persistent cough.
• Kuan Dong Hua (Coltsfoot Flower) soothes the throat and eases wheezing.

How Chinese Herbal Medicine Works for Asthma

Modern research is beginning to explain why these herbs may help. Many have anti-inflammatory properties, lowering levels of cytokines that drive airway inflammation. Others regulate the immune system, balancing responses that otherwise trigger allergies and asthma attacks. Some herbs act as antioxidants, protecting lung tissue from damage, while others have direct bronchodilating effects that relax airway muscles. Together, these actions support easier breathing and fewer flare ups.

Beyond Asthma: Other Respiratory Conditions

Allergic Rhinitis and Food Allergy

Asthma often overlaps with allergies, which can intensify airway sensitivity and lead to frequent flare ups. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, these conditions are viewed as the body’s defensive Qi being overwhelmed by internal or external triggers. Herbal strategies are chosen to calm the immune response and ease inflammation that drives nasal congestion, sneezing, or food related reactions. Herbs such as Huang Qin or Wu Wei Zi may be used to reduce histamine activity, while formulas that strengthen Lung and Spleen Qi help the body build tolerance over time. By supporting balance and stability, Chinese herbal medicine not only relieves asthma but also addresses the allergic patterns that commonly accompany it.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, is another major condition where Chinese herbal medicine has been applied. Many of the same formulas used for asthma such as Bu Fei Tang or Dong Chong Xia Cao are prescribed to people with COPD. These remedies help reduce excess mucus, improve airflow, and support lung function that has been weakened by long term irritation or smoking history. Clinical research suggests that combining herbal therapies with inhalers may improve exercise tolerance and enhance overall quality of life. By strengthening both Lung and Kidney Qi, herbal medicine seeks to lessen the frequency of flare ups and increase energy for daily activities.

Seasonal Respiratory Infections

Respiratory infections are one of the most common triggers for both asthma attacks and COPD flare ups. Because of this, prevention is emphasized in Traditional Chinese Medicine. During the colder months, practitioners often recommend Qi tonics such as Huang Qi or Ren Shen to improve immune strength. When early signs of sore throat or congestion appear, herbs like Zi Su Ye or Jing Jie may be included to dispel pathogens before they settle deeply into the lungs. Strengthening the body in advance makes it less likely that a simple cold will develop into bronchitis or pneumonia. For people with asthma, this proactive approach reduces the chance of infections leading to serious breathing difficulties.

Safety and Professional Guidance

Herbal medicine is powerful and must be used wisely. Certain herbs, such as ephedra, are restricted in many countries because of safety concerns. Interactions with asthma drugs are also possible, so it is essential to consult a qualified practitioner. Children, pregnant women, and people with other health conditions require special care. Working with our licensed professional ensures the formulas are safe and matched to the individual pattern.

A Holistic Path Forward in Respiratory Health

Chinese herbal medicine provides a holistic path for people with asthma and other respiratory conditions. While it is not a cure, it can complement inhalers, steroids, and other medical treatments. By reducing inflammation, balancing the immune system, and strengthening the lungs, it offers a bridge between traditional wisdom and modern science.

At ACA Acupuncture and Wellness, we take an integrative approach to respiratory care by combining Chinese herbal formulas with therapies such as thermal therapy, cupping therapy, moxibustion, Tuina massage, reflexology, and ear seeding. Each of these methods supports lung function in different ways, from improving circulation and clearing phlegm to calming inflammation and restoring overall balance. For those seeking a more comprehensive approach to breathing health and long-term vitality, working with our qualified TCM practitioner ensures treatment is personalized, effective, and safe.

Sources:

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